tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-77825352663389536362024-02-08T03:17:16.333-08:00About chemical elements for nanoscience.electron of conductivity,crystal structure,proton of nucleus,superconductivity,chemical bond,crystal metallic lattice in the densest packings of chemical elements, valency,shell of the atomic kernelhfilipenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06344406823520817701noreply@blogger.comBlogger5125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7782535266338953636.post-19178442502204452452018-06-19T08:31:00.003-07:002018-06-19T08:31:23.512-07:00Nature of chemical elements.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Please see here http://nauka-sn.ru/filestore/3(7)2018/FilipenkaH.R.pdf</div>
hfilipenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06344406823520817701noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7782535266338953636.post-54134218719447112752018-03-14T12:54:00.001-07:002018-03-15T02:19:32.621-07:00nature of metallic bond<br />
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Abstract.</div>
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<span lang="en"><span title="Основная проблема состоит в том, что используя рентген, определили кристаллические решетки разных материалов, а почему они такие, а не другие пока не известно.">The
main problem is that using X-rays, we have determined the crystal
lattices of different materials, and why they are so, and not others are
not yet known. </span><span title="Например медь кристаллизуется в ГЦК решетку, а железо в ОЦК, которая при нагреве становиться ГЦК- это используется при термообработке сталей.">For
example, copper crystallizes in the fcc lattice, and iron in the bcc,
which becomes fcc on heating, this is used for heat treatment of steels.
</span><span title="Медь при нагреве кристаллическую решетку не изменяет.
">Copper does not change the crystal lattice when heated.<br /> </span><span title="В литературе приводится много факторов влияющих на кристаллизацию поэтому решил их максимально убрать, и модель металла в статье, скажем так, идеальная, т.е.">There
are many factors affecting the crystallization in the literature, so
they decided to remove them as much as possible, and the metal model in
the article, say so, is ideal, i.e. </span><span title="все атомы одинаковые (чистый металл) без включений, без внедрений, без дефектов и т.д.">all atoms are the same (pure metal) without inclusions, without implants, without defects, etc. </span><span title="используя эффект Холла и другие данные по свойствам, а также рассчеты Ашкрофта и Мермина , у меня главным определяющим тип решетки фактором оказался остов атома или ион, который получился в результате передачи части электронов в зону проводимости.
">using the Hall effect and other data on properties, as well as the
calculations of Ashcroft and Mermin, my main determining factor for the
type of lattice was the core of the atom or ion, which resulted from the
transfer of some electrons to the conduction band.<br /> </span><span title="Оказалось, что металлическая связь обусловлена не только обобществлением электронов, а и внешними электронами атомных остовов, которые определяют направленность или тип кристаллической решетки.
">It turned out that the metal bond is due not only to the socialization
of electrons, but also to external electrons of atomic cores, which
determine the direction or type of the crystal lattice.</span><br /><span title="Изменение типа решетки металла может быть связано с переходом электрона в зону проводимости или возвратом его из этой зоны.">The
change in the type of metal lattice can be connected with the
transition of an electron to the conduction band or its return from this
zone. </span><span title="Фазовый переход.">Phase transition.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="en">It
is shown that in the general case, the metal bond in the closest
packages (hec and fcc) between the centrally chosen atom and its
neighbors is presumably carried out by means of nine (9) directional
bonds, in contrast to the number of neighbors equal to 12 (twelve)
(coordination number) .<br />Probably the
"alien" 3 (three) atoms are present in the coordination number 12
stereometrically, and not because of the connection. The answer is to
give an experimental test.</span></div>
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<span lang="en"><span title="Введение
">Introduction</span><br /><span title="Пока невозможно в общем случае вывести из квантовомеханических расчетов кристаллическую структуру металла по электронному строению атома, хотя, например, Ганцхорн и Делингер указали на возможную связь между наличием кубической объемно-центрированной решетки в подгруппах титана, ванадия, хрома и наличием в атомах этих металлов валентных d">While
it is not possible in general to derive from the quantum mechanical
calculations the crystal structure of the metal over the electronic
structure of the atom, although, for example, Gantshorn and Delinger
pointed out a possible relationship between the presence of a cubic
body-centered lattice in the subgroups of titanium, vanadium, chromium
and the presence of valence d </span><span title="- орбиталей.">- orbitals. </span><span title="Нетрудно заметить, что четыре гибридные орбитали направлены по четырем телесным диагоналям куба и хорошо приспособлены для связи каждого атома с его 8 соседями в кубической объемно-центрированной решетке.">It
is easy to see that four hybrid orbitals are directed along four solid
cube diagonals and are well suited for coupling each atom to its 8
neighbors in a cubic body-centered lattice. </span><span title="При этом оставшиеся орбитали направлены к центрам граней элементарной ячейки и, возможно, могут принимать участие в связи атома с шестью его вторыми соседями /3/.
">In this case, the remaining orbitals are directed to the centers of
the faces of the unit cell and, possibly, can participate in the
connection of the atom with its six second neighbors / 3 /.</span><br /><span title="Первое координационное число (К.Ч.1) "8" плюс второе координационное число (К.Ч.2) "6" равно "14".
">The first coordination number (K.Ch.1) "8" plus the second coordination number (K.C.2) "6" is equal to "14".</span><br /><br /><span title="На простых примерах покажем, что на одну связь у алмаза при плотности упаковки 34% и координационном числе 4 приходится 34%:4=8,5%.
">In simple examples, we show that one bond for a diamond at a packing
density of 34% and a coordination number of 4 is 34%: 4 = 8.5%.</span><br /><span title="У кубической примитивной решетки плотность упаковки 52% и координационное число 6 приходится 52%:б=8,66%.
">In a cubic primitive lattice, the packing density is 52% and the coordination number 6 is 52%: b = 8.66%.</span><br /><span title="У кубической объемноцентрированной решетки плотность упаковки 68% и координационное число 8 приходится 68%:8=8,5%.
">In a cubic body-centered lattice, the packing density of 68% and the coordination number 8 are 68%: 8 = 8.5%.</span><br /><span title="У кубической гранецентрированной решетки плотность упаковки 74% и координационное число 12 приходится 74%:12=6.16%, а если 74%:9=8,22%.
">In a face-centered cubic lattice, the packing density is 74% and the
coordination number 12 is 74%: 12 = 6.16%, and if 74%: 9 = 8.22%.</span><br /><span title="У гексагональной решетки плотность упаковки 74% и координационное число 12 приходится 74%:12=6,16%, а если 74%:9=8,22%.
">In a hexagonal lattice, the packing density is 74% and the coordination number 12 is 74%: 12 = 6.16%, and if 74%: 9 = 8.22%.</span><br /><span title="Очевидно, что эти 8,66-8,22% несут в себе некий физический смысл.">Obviously, these 8.66-8.22% carry a certain physical meaning. </span><span title="Оставшиеся 26% кратны 8,66 и 100% гипотетическая плотность упаковки возможна при наличии 12 связей.">The remaining 26% is a multiple of 8.66 and 100% hypothetical packing density is possible with 12 links. </span><span title="Но реальна ли такая возможность?
">But is this possibility real?</span><br /><span title="Внешние электроны последней оболочки или подоболочек атома металла образуют зону проводимости.">The outer electrons of the last shell or subshells of the metal atom form a conduction band. </span><span title="Число электронов в зоне проводимости влияет на постоянную Холла, коэффициент всестороннего сжатия и т.д.
">The number of electrons in the conduction band affects the Hall constant, the coefficient of all-round compression, and so on.</span><br /><span title="Построим модель металла-элемента так, чтобы оставшиеся, после заполнения зоны проводимости, внешние электроны последней оболочки или подоболочек атомного остова неким образом влияли на строение кристаллической структуры (например: для ОЦК решет-ки-8 "валентных" электронов, а для ГЕК и ГЦК">Let
us construct the model of the metal element so that the remaining
electrons, after filling the conduction band, the external electrons of
the last shell or subshells of the atomic core somehow influenced the
structure of the crystal structure (for example: for bcc lattice-8
valence electrons, and for HEC and FCC </span><span title="-12 или 9).
">-12 or 9).</span><br /><span title="Очевидно, что для подтверждения нашей модели необходимо сравнить экспериментальные и теоретические данные по Холлу, коэффициенту всестороннего сжатия и т.д.">Obviously,
to confirm our model it is necessary to compare the experimental and
theoretical data on Hall, the coefficient of all-round compression, and
so on.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="en">GROSS, QUALITATIVE DETERMINATION OF QUANTITY<br />ELECTRONS IN THE CONDUCTIVITY METAL - ELEMENT.<br />EXPLANATION OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE EDUCATION OF TYPE<br />GRANTS OF THE MONOCRYSTAL AND ON THE SIGN OF THE CONSTANT HALL.<br />(Algorithm for constructing a model)</span></div>
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<span lang="en"><span title="Попытаемся связать внешние электроны атома данного элемента со структурой его кристаллической решетки, учитывая необходимость направленных связей (химия) и наличие обобществленных электронов (физика), ответственных за гальваномагнитные свойства.
">Let us try to relate the external electrons of the atom of a given
element to the structure of its crystal lattice, taking into account the
need for directed bonds (chemistry) and the presence of socialized
electrons (physics) responsible for galvanomagnetic properties.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="en"><span title="Измерения поля Холла позволяют определить знак носителей заряда в зоне проводимости.">Measurements of the Hall field make it possible to determine the sign of the charge carriers in the conduction band. </span><span title="Одна из замечательных особенностей эффекта Холла заключается, однако, в том, что в некоторых металлах коэффициент Холла положителен, и поэтому носители в них должны, видимо, иметь заряд, противоположный заряду электрона /1/.">One
of the remarkable features of the Hall effect is, however, that in some
metals the Hall coefficient is positive, and therefore the carriers in
them must apparently have a charge opposite to the electron charge / 1
/. </span><span title="При комнатной температуре это относится к следующим металлам: ванадий, хром, марганец, железо, кобальт, цинк, цирконий, ниобий, молибден, рутений, родий, кадмий, церий, празеодим, неодим, иттербий, гафний, тантал, вольфрам, рений, иридий">At
room temperature, this refers to the following metals: vanadium,
chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, zinc, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum,
ruthenium, rhodium, cadmium, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium,
ytterbium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, iridium </span><span title=", таллий, свинец /2/.">, thallium, lead / 2 /. </span><span title="Решение этой загадки должна дать полная квантовомеханическая теория твердого тела.
">The solution of this puzzle should be given by a complete quantum mechanical theory of a solid.<br /> </span><span title="Примерно, как для некоторых случаев применения граничных условий Борна-Кармана, рассмотрим сильно упрощенный одномерный случай зоны проводимости.">Approximately,
as for some cases of application of the Born-Karman boundary
conditions, we consider a strongly simplified one-dimensional case of
the conduction band. </span><span title="Вариант первый: тонкая замкнутая трубка, полностью заполненная электронами кроме одного.">Option one: a thin closed tube, completely filled with electrons except one. </span><span title="Диаметр электрона примерно равен диаметру трубки.">The diameter of the electron is approximately equal to the diameter of the tube. </span><span title="При таком заполнении зоны, при локальном передвижении электрона, наблюдается противоположное движение "места" незаполнившего трубку, электрона, то есть движение неотрицательного заряда.">With
such a filling of the zone, with the local movement of the electron,
there is an opposite movement of the "place" of the non-filled tube, the
electron, that is, the motion of a non-negative charge. </span><span title="Вариант второй: в трубке один электрон - возможно движение только одного заряда - отрицательно заряженного электрона.">Option two: in the tube of one electron - it is possible to move only one charge - a negatively charged electron. </span><span title="Из этих двух крайних вариантов видно, что знак носителей, определяемых по коэффициенту Холла, в какой-то степени, должен зависеть от наполнения зоны проводимости электронами.">From
these two extreme variants it is seen that the sign of carriers,
determined from the Hall coefficient, to some extent, should depend on
the filling of the conduction band by electrons. </span><span title="Рисунок 1.
">Picture 1.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><img border="0" height="217" src="https://resize.yandex.net/mailservice?url=http%3A%2F%2Fsciteclibrary.ru%2Fris-stat%2Fst596%2Fst596-2.gif&proxy=yes&key=3c4c8072a8f88fcdab616253bc6285bf" width="610" /></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<span lang="en"><span title="Рисунок 1.
"> </span><span title="Рис.">Fig. </span><span title="1. Схематическое изображение зоны проводимости двух разных металлов (Масштабы не соблюдены).
">1. Schematic representation of the conduction band of two different metals (Scales not observed).<br /> </span><span title="а) - вариант первый;
">a) - the first option;<br /> </span><span title="б) - вариант второй.
">b) the second option.</span></span></div>
<div>
<br />
<span lang="en"><span title="б) - вариант второй.
"> </span><span title="На порядок движения электронов также будут накладывать свои условия и структура зоны проводимости, и температура, и примеси, дефекты, а для магнитных материалов и рассеяние на магнитных квазичастицах - магнонах.
">The motion of the electrons will also be imposed by an order of
magnitude on the structure of the conduction band, temperature,
impurities, and defects, and magnons for magnetic materials and
scattering by magnetic quasiparticles.<br /> </span><span title="В приведенной ниже таблице нетрудно заметить, что почти все металлы-сверхпроводники в зоне проводимости содержат по два и более электронов от атома.">In
the table below it is not difficult to see that almost all the
superconductor metals in the conduction band contain two or more
electrons from the atom. </span><span title="Это металлы: цирконий, цинк, вольфрам, ванадий, таллий, титан, тантал, рутений, рений, свинец, осмий, ниобий, лантан, иридий, гафний, кадмий, алюминий.
">They are metals: zirconium, zinc, tungsten, vanadium, thallium,
titanium, tantalum, ruthenium, rhenium, lead, osmium, niobium,
lanthanum, iridium, hafnium, cadmium, aluminum.<br /> </span><span title="Так как рассуждения наши грубые, учитываем в дальнейшем пока только наполнение зоны проводимости электронами.">Since our arguments are crude, we take into account in the sequel so far only the filling of the conduction band by electrons. </span><span title="Заполним зону проводимости электронами так, чтобы внешние электроны атомных остовов оказывали влияние на образование типа кристаллизационной решетки.">We
fill the conduction band with electrons so that the outer electrons of
the atomic cores exert influence on the formation of the type of
crystallization lattice. </span><span title="Предположим, что число внешних электронов на последней оболочке атомного остова, после заполнения зоны проводимости, равно числу атомов соседей (координационному числу) /5/.">Suppose
that the number of external electrons on the last shell of the atomic
core, after filling the conduction band, is equal to the number of
neighbors atoms (coordination number) / 5 /. </span><span title="Координационные числа ГЕК, ГЦК (гексагональной и гранецентрированной) плотнейших упаковок 12 и 18, а объемноцентрированной решетки (ОЦК) 8 и14 /3/.
">Coordination numbers of HEC, fcc (hexagonal and face-centered) densest
packages 12 and 18, and body-centered lattice (bcc) 8 and 14/3 /.</span><br /><br /><span title="Построим таблицу с учетом вышеизложенного.">Let's construct the table taking into account the above. </span><span title="Температура комнатная .
">The room temperature.</span><br /><span title="Элемент RH 1010 (м3/K) Z.(шт.) Z остов.(шт.) Тип решетки
">Element RH 1010 (m3 / K) Z. (pcs.) Z frame (pcs.) Grid type</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">The below table is filled in compliance with the above judgements.</span><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%;"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <span style="font-family: "arial";">Element</span></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial";">R</span></span></a><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial";">H <a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">.</a> 10<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">10</a></span></span><br />
<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">(м3/K)</span></a></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Z.</span></a><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">(number)</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Z kernel</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">(number)</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Lattice type</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Na</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-2,30</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Mg</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,90</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Al</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial";">-</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";">0,38</span></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Al</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,38</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></a></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial";">1</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";">2</span></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">K</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-4,20</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ca</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-1,78</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ca</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">T=737<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">K</a></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Sc</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,67</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Sc</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,67</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ti</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-2,40</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ti</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-2,40</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ti</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">T=1158<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">K</a></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">V</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,76</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cr</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+3,63</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">6</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Fe</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial";">+8,</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";">00</span></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Fe</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+8,00</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">14</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Fe</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial";">Т=1</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">189K</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">7</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Fe</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Т=1189K</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">12</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Co</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+3,60</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Co</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial";">+3</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";">,60</span></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">12</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ni</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,60</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cu</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,52</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cu</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,52</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Zn</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,90</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Zn</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,90</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Rb</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-5,90</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Y</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-1,<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">2</a>5</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Zr</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,21</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Zr</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Т<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">=11</a>35<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">К</a></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Nb</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial";">+</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";">0,<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">7</a>2</span></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Mo</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+1,91</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">6</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ru</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+22</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><i><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">7</span></i></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Rh</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,48</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">12</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Rh</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">0</a>,48</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Pd</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-6,80</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ag</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,90</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ag</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,90</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cd</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,67</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cd</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,67</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cs</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">7</a>,80</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">La</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,80</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ce</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+1,9<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">2</a></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ce</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+1,92</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Pr</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,71</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Pr</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,71</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Nd</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,97</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Nd</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,97</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Gd</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,95</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Gd</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">T=1533<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">K</a></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Tb</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-4,3<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">0</a></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Tb</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Т<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">=</a>1560<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">К</a></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Dy</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-2,<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><i>7</i></a><i>0</i></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Dy</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Т<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">=</a>1657<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">К</a></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Er</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,341</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Tu</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-1,80</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Yb</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+3,77</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Yb</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial";">+</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";">3,77</span></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Lu</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,535</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Hf</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,4<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">3</a></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Hf</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Т=2050К</span></a></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ta</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,98</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">W</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,856</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">6</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Re</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial";">+3,</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";">15</span></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">6</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Os</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial";"><</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";">0</span></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">12</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ir</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+3,18</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">12</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Pt</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,194</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Au</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,69</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Au</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">-0,69</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></a></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Tl</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,24</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Tl</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">2</a>4</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Pb</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">+0,09</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Pb</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,yvZpMtCKAwCEEVxUMLReWg&l=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ibG9nZ2VyLmNvbS9wb3N0LWNyZWF0ZS5nP2Jsb2dJRD00MDk4ODk3MDY4NzYzNzQ0MTQ5" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4098897068763744149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "arial";">+</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial";">0,09</span></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span lang="en"><span title="Элемент RH 1010 (м3/K) Z.(шт.) Z остов.(шт.) Тип решетки
"> </span><span title="Где: RH - Постоянная Холла (коэффициент Холла)
">Where: RH - Hall constant (Hall coefficient)</span><br /><span title="Z - предполагаемое число электронов, отданное одним атомом в зону проводимости
">Z is the assumed number of electrons, given by one atom to the conduction band</span><br /><span title="Z остов.">Z skeleton. </span><span title="- число внешних электронов атомного остова на последней оболочке.
">- number of outer electrons of the atomic core on the last shell.</span><br /><span title="Тип решетки - тип кристаллической структуры металла при комнатной температуре и в некоторых случаях для температур фазовых переходов (T).">The
lattice type is the type of crystal structure of the metal at room
temperature and in some cases for phase transition temperatures (T).</span></span></div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<span lang="en">Conclusions.</span></div>
<div>
<span lang="en">Despite
the crude assumptions, it can be seen from the table that the larger
the element atom gives electrons to the conduction band, the more
positive the Hall constant, and conversely the Hall constant is negative
for the elements that gave one or two electrons to the conduction band,
which does not contradict the conclusions of Peierls , as
well as the connection between the conduction electrons (Z) and valence
electrons (Zost), which cause the crystal structure.</span></div>
<div>
<span lang="en">Using
the method of counting down from the experimental values of the
coefficient of all-round compression to theoretical values using the
formulas of Ashcroft and Mermin [1], determining the number Z, one can
be sure of its close coincidence with that given in Table 1.<br />The
metallic bond appears to be conditioned by both the socialized
electrons and the "valence" electrons-the outer electrons of the atomic
core.</span></div>
<div>
<span lang="en"><span title="Фазовые переходы элемента из одной решетки в другую можно объяснить перебросом в зону проводимости металла одного из внешних электронов атомного остова или его возвратом из зоны проводимости на внешнюю оболочку остова под воздействием внешних факторов (давление, температура) .
">The phase transitions of an element from one lattice to another can be
explained by transferring one of the outer electrons of the atomic core
to the conduction band of the metal or by returning it from the
conduction band to the outer shell of the core under the influence of
external factors (pressure, temperature).</span><br /><span title="Пытались дать разгадку, а получили новую, довольно хорошо объясняющую физико химические свойства элементов, загадку - это "координационное число" - 9 (девять) для ГЦК и ГЕК.">We
tried to give a clue, but we got a new, physicochemical properties of
the elements, which are pretty well explained, the riddle is a
"coordination number" - 9 (nine) for HCC and HEC. </span><span title="Такое частое явление числа- 9 в приведенной таблице наводит на мысль, что плотнейшие упаковки недостаточно исследованы..">Such
a frequent occurrence of the number-9 in the table above suggests that
the densest packages are not sufficiently investigated.</span></span></div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;"><b>Appendix 1</b></span></div>
<div>
<span lang="en"><span title="Металлическая связь в плотнейших упаковках (ГЕК, ГЦК)
">Metal bond in the closest packages (HEC, HCC)<br /><br /> </span><span title="Из рассуждений о числе направленных связей (или псевдосвязей, т.к. между соседними атомами металла находится зона проводимости), равном девяти по числу внешних электронов атомного остова для плотнейших упаковок, вытекает, что по аналогии с решеткой ОЦК (восемь атомов-соседей в первой">From
the arguments about the number of directed bonds (or
pseudo-connections, since there is a conduction band between the
neighboring metal atoms), equal to nine in the number of outer electrons
of the atomic core for the densest packages, it follows that, by
analogy with the bcc lattice (eight neighbor atoms in the first </span><span title="координационной сфере) у ГЕК и ГЦК решеток в первой координационной сфере, должно быть девять, а имеем 12 атомов.">coordination sphere) for HEK and fcc lattices in the first coordination sphere, there should be nine, and we have 12 atoms. </span><span title="Но 9 атомов соседей, связанных любым центральноизбранным атомом, косвенно подтверждаются экспериментальными данными по Холлу и модулю всестороннего сжатия (да и в опытах по эффекту де Гааза-ван -Альфена число осцилляций кратно девяти).
">But 9 atoms of neighbors bound by any centrally chosen atom are
indirectly confirmed by experimental data on the Hall and the modulus of
all-round compression (and in the experiments on the de Haas-van Alfene
effect, the number of oscillations is a multiple of nine).<br /> </span><span title="Значит для трех атомов из 12 следует искать различия от остальных атомов координационной сферы.
">Hence, for the three atoms out of 12, we must seek differences from the remaining atoms of the coordination sphere.</span></span></div>
<div>
<br />
<span lang="en"><span title="Значит для трех атомов из 12 следует искать различия от остальных атомов координационной сферы.
"> </span><span title="На рис.1.1, d, е показаны координационные сферы в плотнейших гексагональной и кубической упаковках.">Fig.1.1, d, e shows the coordination spheres in the densest hexagonal and cubic packs.</span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><img border="0" height="334" src="https://resize.yandex.net/mailservice?url=http%3A%2F%2Fsciteclibrary.ru%2Fris-stat%2Fst596%2Fst596-3.gif&proxy=yes&key=db43998ed1309688c936995e1edead75" width="454" /></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Fig.1.1. Dense Packing.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">It
should be noted that in the hexagonal packing, the triangles of upper
and lower bases are unindirectional, whereas in the hexagonal packing
they are not unindirectional.</span></div>
<div>
<span lang="en">Fig. 1.1. Tight packing<br />Let's
pay attention, that in a hexagonal packing triangles of the top and
bottom bases are turned in one and the same party, and in cubic - in
different.<br /><br />Literature: BF Ormont "Introduction to physical chemistry and crystal chemistry of semiconductors", Moscow, 1968</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;"><b>Appendix 2</b><br /><br />Theoretical calculation of the uniform compression modulus (B).<br /><br />B = (6,13/(rs/ao))5* (10)10 dyne/cm2<br /><br />Where B is the uniform compression modulus ao is the Bohr radius rs - the radius of the sphere with the volume being equal to<br />the volume falling at one conductivity electron. </span><br />
<b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">rs=(3/4<span style="font-family: "symbol";">p</span> n)1/3, p=3,14</span> </b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Where n is the density of conductivity electrons.</span><br />
<br />
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Table 1. Calculation according to Ashcroft and Mermine Element Z rs/ao theoretical calculated</span><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="1" style="width: 656px;"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Z</span></b></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">rs/a0</span></b></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial";">B </span></span></b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial";">theoretical</span></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial";">B </span></span></b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial";">calculated</span></span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cs</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">5.62</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1.54</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1.43</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cu</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2.67</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">63.8</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">134.3</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ag</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">3.02</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">34.5</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">99.9</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Al</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2.07</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">228</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">76.0</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Table 2. Calculation according to the models considered in this paper</span><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="1" style="width: 656px;"><tbody>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Z</span></b></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">rs/a0</span></b></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial";">B </span></span></b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial";">theoretical</span></span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial";">B </span></span></b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial";">calculated</span></span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cs</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">5.62</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1.54</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1.43</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cu</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2.12</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">202.3</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">134.3</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ag</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2.39</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">111.0</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">99.9</span></td></tr>
<tr><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Al</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2.40</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">108.6</span></td><td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">76.0</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<span lang="en">According
to / 1 /, the number of Z-electrons in the conduction band was obtained
by the authors, presumably based on the valency of the metal over
oxygen and hydrogen, and must be questioned, since the experimental data on Hall and the modulus of all-round compression are close to theoretical only for alkali metals. Bcc grating.</span></div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<span lang="en">Of
course, the pressure of free-electron gases alone does not completely
determine the resistance of the metal to compression, nevertheless in
the second case of calculation the theoretical modulus of all-round
compression lies closer to the experimental one, on the one hand. Obviously,
it is necessary to take into account the second factor-the effect on
the module of the "valence" or outer electrons of the atomic core, which
determine the crystal lattice.</span></div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<span lang="en">While still studying at the institute, I tried to explain the phase transitions in barium titanate. Since then I have been working on the nature of crystal lattices and different properties of chemical elements. It
turned out that when heated, the crystal lattices of lithium and
beryllium behave approximately like scandium and titanium lattices.<br />Therefore I doubted the absolute correctness of the table of elements and developed amendments.</span></div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="https://fhenadzi.wordpress.com/2017/11/02/about-table-of-elements-new-atomic-numbers/" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,eAsK4c2Sl_Pqu8AJZ2JLYg&l=aHR0cHM6Ly9maGVuYWR6aS53b3JkcHJlc3MuY29tLzIwMTcvMTEvMDIvYWJvdXQtdGFibGUtb2YtZWxlbWVudHMtbmV3LWF0b21pYy1udW1iZXJzLw" href="https://fhenadzi.wordpress.com/2017/11/02/about-table-of-elements-new-atomic-numbers/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">About table of elements. New atomic numbers.</a></div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span lang="en"><span title="В данной статье изложены взгляды на классификацию всех известных химических элементов, тех фундаментальных компонентов, из которых состоит Земля и вся Вселенная.
">This article sets out the views on the classification of all known
chemical elements, those fundamental components of which the Earth and
the entire Universe consists.</span><br /><span title="Новаторство данной работы состоит в том, что в таблице элементов, построенной согласно закона Менделеева и правила Ван-ден-Брука, предположительно выявлены новые химические элементы с атомными номерами 72-75 и 108-111, а также показано, что у тяжелых элементов, начиная">The
innovation of this work is that in the table of elements constructed
according to the Mendeleyev’s law and Van-den- Broek’s rule, new
chemical elements with atomic numbers 72-75 and 108-111 are supposedly
revealed, and also it is shown that for heavy elements starting </span><span title="с гафния ядра атомов содержат большее число протонов, чем общепринято.
">with hafnium, the nuclei of atoms contain a larger number of protons than is generally accepted.</span>
Perhaps the mathematical apparatus of quantum mechanics missed some
solutions because the atomic nucleus in calculations is taken as a
point.<br /><span title="Все ячейки таблицы заполнены.">All cells in the table are full. </span><span title="Если эта таблица состоится, то хотелось бы назвать группы элементов с номерами 72-75 и 108-111, островками Филипенко Г.Г.">If
this table takes place, I would like to name groups of elements with
the numbers 72-75 and 108-111, the islets of Filipenka Henadzi.</span></span><br />
<span lang="en"><span title="Правило Ван-ден-Брука, любителя ядерной физики, оказалось более общим, чем периодичность Менделеева и расчеты квантовой механики.">The
rule of van den Broeck, a lover of nuclear physics, turned out to be
more general than Mendeleyev's periodicity and calculations of quantum
mechanics. </span><span title="У таблицы должны быть заполнены все ячейки согласно закона или правила, а при незаполнении какой-то, должно быть обьяснение этого этим законом или правилом.">The
table must be filled in all cells according to the law or rule, and if
somebody does not fill in, there should be an explanation of this by
this law or rule. </span><span title="Поэтому ячейки физической таблицы были заполнены как в http://tableelements.blogspot.com и появились неизвестные элементы с номерами 72-75 и 108-111.">Therefore, the cells of the physical table were filled in both at <a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://tableelements.blogspot.com/" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,dVHr8y_yY9QfDaA1B2F4SQ&l=aHR0cDovL3RhYmxlZWxlbWVudHMuYmxvZ3Nwb3QuY29tLw" href="http://tableelements.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">http://tableelements.blogspot.com</a> and unknown items with numbers 72-75 and 108-111 appeared. </span><span title="Которые требовали обьяснения.">Which required explanation. </span><span title="При рассмотрении результатов измерения зарядов ядер или атомных номеров Джеймсом Чедвиком, я заметил, что заряд ядра платины скорее равен не 78, а стремится к 82, что соответствует разработанной таблице.">When
considering the results of measuring the charges of nuclei or atomic
numbers by James Chadwick, I noticed that the charge of the core of
platinum is rather equal not to 78, but to 82, which corresponds to the
developed table. </span><span title="Почти 30 лет поднимаю вопрос о повторении измерений зарядов ядер атомов, так как у урана, наверное, заряд больше, чем принято, а он применяется на АЭС.">For
almost 30 years I have raised the question of the repetition of
measurements of the charges of atomic nuclei, since uranium is probably
more charged than accepted, and it is used at nuclear power plants.</span></span><br />
<h3>
<a class="daria-goto-anchor" data-orig-href="http://physicaltable.blogspot.com.by/2016/02/blog-post.html" data-vdir-href="https://mail.yandex.by/re.jsx?uid=35497696&c=LIZA&cv=14.3.202&mid=164944336352457850&h=a,1riw3KtomML7VbXrt7YL-w&l=aHR0cDovL3BoeXNpY2FsdGFibGUuYmxvZ3Nwb3QuY29tLmJ5LzIwMTYvMDIvYmxvZy1wb3N0Lmh0bWw" href="http://physicaltable.blogspot.com.by/2016/02/blog-post.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">таблица элементов</a></h3>
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<table border="1" cellspacing="0"><tbody>
<tr><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">H</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td><td colspan="2" valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">He</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Li</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Be</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">B</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">C</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">6</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">N</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">7</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">O</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">F</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ne</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">10</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Na</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">11</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Mg</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">12</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Al</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">13</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Si</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">14</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">P1</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">S</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">16</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cl</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">17</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">A</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></b></td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">K</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">19</span></td><td colspan="2" valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ca</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">20</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Sc</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">21</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ti</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">22</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">V</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">23</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cr</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">24</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Mn</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">25</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Fe</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">26</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Co</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">27</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ni </span> </b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">28</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cu</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">29</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Zn</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">30</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ga</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">31</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ge</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">32</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">As</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">33</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Se</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">34</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Br</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">35</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Kr</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">36</span></td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Rb</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">37</span></td><td colspan="2" valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Sr</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">38</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Y</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">39</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Zr</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">40</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Nb</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">41</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Mo</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">42</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Tc</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">43</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ru</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">44</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Rh</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">45</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Pd</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">46</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ag</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">47</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cd</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">48</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">In</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">49</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Sn</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">50</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Sb</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">51</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Te</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">52</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">I</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">53</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Xe</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">54</span></td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cs</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">55</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ba</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">56</span></td><td colspan="2" valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">La</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">57</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ce</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">58</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Pr</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">59</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Nd</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">60</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Pm</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">61</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Sm</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">62</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Eu</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">63</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Gd</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">64</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Tb</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">65</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Dy</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">66</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ho</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">67</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Er</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">68</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Tu</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">69</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Yb</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">70</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Lu</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">71</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">?</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">72</span></td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">?</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">73</span></td><td colspan="2" valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">?</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">74</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">?</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">75</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Hf</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">76</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ta</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">77</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">W</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">78</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Re</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">79</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Os</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">80</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ir</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">81</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Pt</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">82</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Au</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">83</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Hg</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">84</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Tl</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">85</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Pb</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">86</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Bi</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">87</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Po</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">88</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">At</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">89</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Rn</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">90</span></td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Fr</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">91</span></td><td colspan="2" valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ra</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">92</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Ac</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">93</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Th</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">94</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Pa</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">95</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">U</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">96</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Np</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">97</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Pu</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">98</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Am</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">99</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cm</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">100</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Bk</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">101</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Cf</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">102</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Es</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">103</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Fm</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">104</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Md</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">105</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">No</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">106</span></td><td valign="top"><b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">Lr</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">107</span></td><td valign="top"></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
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</div>
<div>
<span lang="en">Our philosophy that it is impossible to describe nature mathematically by one hundred percent was confirmed. But it strives, of course, to such a description is necessary.<br /> Henadzi Filipenka</span></div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<span lang="en">Each subsequent chemical element is different<br />from the previous one in that in its core the number of protons<br />increases by one, and the number of neutrons increases, in<br />in general, several. In the literature this strange<br />ratio of the number of neutrons to the number of protons for any<br />the kernel is not explained. The article proposes a model nucleus,<br />explaining this phenomenon.</span></div>
<div>
<span lang="en"><span title="Для построения модели ядра атома отметим, что при альфа-
">For the construction of the atomic nucleus model, we note that with alpha-</span><br /><span title="радиоактивности ядра гелия имеют примерно равные энергии.
">radioactivity of the helium nucleus is approximately equal to the energy.</span><br /><span title="Поэтому на внешнем слое оболочки ядра разместим все протоны с таким
">Therefore, on the outer layer of the core shell, we place all the protons with such</span><br /><span title="же количеством нейтронов.">the same number of neutrons. </span><span title="При этом на одном энергетическом
">At the same time, on one energy</span><br /><span title="уровне смогут находиться только бозоны, какими размещенные на
">Only bosons can be in the</span><br /><span title="внешней оболочке ядра альфа-частицы и являются.">outer shell of the alpha-particle nucleus and are. </span><span title="Внутри ядра
">Inside the Kernel</span><br /><span title="расположим оставшиеся нейтроны, задачей которых будет
">We will arrange the remaining neutrons, whose task will be</span><br /><span title="ослабление электростатических полей отталкивания протонов.
">weakening of electrostatic fields of repulsion of protons.</span><br /><span title="Предположив ядро сферическим, а радиусы протона и нейтрона
">Assuming the core to be spherical, and the radii of the proton and neutron</span><br /><span title="примерно одинаковыми, для любого элемента получим модель ядра,
">approximately the same, for any element we get the kernel model,</span><br /><span title="объясняющую отношение числа нейтронов к числу протонов,
">explaining the ratio of the number of neutrons to the number of protons,</span><br /><span title="вытекающее из упаковки ядра атома нуклонами.">which follows from the packing of the nucleus of the atom by nucleons. </span><span title="Низкая точность для легких элементов.">Low accuracy for light elements.</span></span></div>
<div>
<span lang="en"><span title="Строим таблицу так, чтобы соблюсти закон периодичности Менделеева, правило Ван-ден-Брука и чтобы заполнить все ячейки таблицы.">We
construct the table so that to observe the law of Mendeleyev
periodicity, the VanDen-Brook rule and to fill all the cells of the
table. </span><span title="В квантовой механике по умолчанию в каждом последующем элементе заряд ядра увеличивается в его центре на единицу и идет заполнение электронами spdf-конфигураций.">In
quantum mechanics, by default, in each successive element, the charge
of the nucleus increases at its center by one, and the electrons fill
with spdf configurations. </span><span title="У нас заряд ядра расположен на поверхности, так как число протонов и число нейтронов в ядре таковы, что во внешнем слое ядра должны быть протоны и нейтроны ,а внутри только нейтроны, то есть на поверхности ядра образуется некая оболочка.">Our
nuclear charge is located on the surface, since the number of protons
and the number of neutrons in the nucleus are such that protons and
neutrons should be in the outer layer of the nucleus, and only neutrons
inside, that is, a shell forms on the surface of the nucleus. </span><span title="Кроме того протоны должны отталкиваться, а также их притягивает электронная шуба.">In addition, protons must be repelled, and also attracted by an electronic fur coat. </span><span title="Вопрос можно ли считать в расчетах ядро точкой и до каких пор?">The question is whether the kernel can be considered a point in the calculations and up to what times? </span><span title="И вопрос, а может ли и когда будет находится внутри ядра протон.">And the question is whether and when the proton will be inside the nucleus. </span><span title="Есть еще аппарат квантовой механики, который подтвердил закон Менделеева.">There is also an apparatus of quantum mechanics, which confirmed the law of Mendeleyev. </span><span title="В его расчетах ядро и электроны принимаются за точки.
">In his calculations, the nucleus and electrons are taken as points.</span><br /><span title="Но если протон попадет по какой то причине внутрь ядра, то соответствующий ему электрон окажется на самой “низкой” орбите.">But if a proton gets into the nucleus for some reason, then the corresponding electron will be on the very "low" orbit. </span><span title="Таких электронов квантовая механика пока еще не замечает.">Quantum mechanics still does not notice such electrons. </span><span title="Или другими словами у элементов 72-75 и 108-111 некоторые протоны начинают помещаться внутрь ядра и заряд ядра экранируется, в расчетах его нельзя принимать за точку.
">Or in other words, in elements 72-75 and 108-111, some protons begin
to be placed inside the nucleus and the charge of the nucleus is
screened, in calculations it can not be taken as a point.</span><br /><span title="Я понял это, когда думал над опытами Чедвика по определению зарядов ядер в частности платины.">I understood this when I thought of Chadwick's experiments on the determination of nuclear charges in particular platinum. </span><span title="Если построить график результатов от меди через серебро до платины видим четкий тренд на заряд у платины не 78, а больше.">If we plot the results from copper through silver to platinum, we see a clear trend on the charge of platinum not 78, but more. </span><span title="У меня 82.
">I have 82.</span><br /><span title="Вот такая правильная и настоящая таблица, а не кусочки.">This is the correct and real table, not the pieces. </span>Beginning
with Hafnium, the number of protons and, correspondingly, neutrons in
the nuclei of the elements changes in comparison with what is generally
accepted today.</span><br />
<br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: xx-small;"><strong>Literature:</strong><br /><br />1) Solid state physics. N.W. Ashcroft, N.D. Mermin. Cornell University, 1975<br />2) Characteristics of elements. G.V. Samsonov. Moscow, 1976<br />3) Grundzuge der Anorganischen Kristallchemie. Von. Dr. Heinz Krebs. Universitat Stuttgart, 1968<br />4) Physics of metals. Y.G. Dorfman, I.K. Kikoin. Leningrad, 1933<br />5) What affects crystals characteristics. G.G.Skidelsky. Engineer N 8, 1989</span></div>
<div>
6. Г. Г. Филипенко. «Подозрительные» области в<br />периодической системе, "Техника и наука", №4,<br />Москва, 1990.<br />7. Г. Г. Филипенко. Предлагается модель ядра атома,<br />"Инженер", №4, Москва, 1991.</div>
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https://fhenadzi.wordpress.com </div>
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hfilipenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06344406823520817701noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7782535266338953636.post-15032280225472574192014-10-25T08:53:00.001-07:002014-10-25T08:53:09.916-07:00<br />
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<div align="center">
<span style="color: blue; font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"><b>ON THE PROBLEM OF CRYSTAL METALLIC LATTICE IN THE DENSEST PACKINGS OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS</b></span></div>
<div align="right">
<b><i><span style="color: red; font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">© Henadzi Filipenka</span></i></b></div>
<div align="right">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;"><br />
</span></b></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;"><b>Abstract</b><br />
<br />
The literature generally describes a metallic bond as the one formed by
means of mutual bonds between atoms' exterior electrons and not
possessing the directional properties. However, attempts have been made
to explain directional metallic bonds, as a specific crystal metallic
lattice.<br />
<br />
This paper demonstrates that the metallic bond in the densest packings
(volume-centered and face-centered) between the centrally elected atom
and its neighbours in general is, probably, effected by 9 (nine)
directional bonds, as opposed to the number of neighbours which equals
12 (twelve) (coordination number).<br />
<br />
Probably, 3 (three) "foreign" atoms are present in the coordination
number 12 stereometrically, and not for the reason of bond. This problem
is to be solved experimentally.<br />
<br />
<b>Introduction</b><br />
<br />
At present, it is impossible, as a general case, to derive by means of
quantum-mechanical calculations the crystalline structure of metal in
relation to electronic structure of the atom. However, Hanzhorn and
Dellinger indicated a possible relation between the presence of a
cubical volume-centered lattice in subgroups of titanium, vanadium,
chrome and availability in these metals of valent d-orbitals. It is easy
to notice that the four hybrid orbitals are directed along the four
physical diagonals of the cube and are well adjusted to binding each
atom to its eight neighbours in the cubical volume-centered lattice, the
remaining orbitals being directed towards the edge centers of the
element cell and, possibly, participating in binding the atom to its six
second neighbours /3/p. 99.<br />
<br />
Let us try to consider relations between exterior electrons of the atom
of a given element and structure of its crystal lattice, accounting for
the necessity of directional bonds (chemistry) and availability of
combined electrons (physics) responsible for galvanic and magnetic
properties.<br />
<br />
According to /1/p. 20, the number of Z-electrons in the conductivitiy
zone has been obtained by the authors, allegedly, on the basis of
metal's valency towards oxygen, hydrogen and is to be subject to doubt,
as the experimental data of Hall and the uniform compression modulus are
close to the theoretical values only for alkaline metals. The
volume-centered lattice, Z=1 casts no doubt. The coordination number
equals 8.<br />
<br />
The exterior electrons of the final shell or subcoats in metal atoms
form conductivity zone. The number of electrons in the conductivity zone
effects Hall's constant, uniform compression ratio, etc.<br />
<br />
Let us construct the model of metal - element so that external electrons
of last layer or sublayers of atomic kernel, left after filling the
conduction band, influenced somehow pattern of crystalline structure
(for example: for the body-centred lattice - 8 'valency' electrons, and
for volume-centered and face-centred lattices - 12 or 9).<br />
<br />
<b>ROUGH, QUALITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF NUMBER OF ELECTRONS IN CONDUCTION
BAND OF METAL - ELEMENT. EXPLANATION OF FACTORS, INFLUENCING FORMATION
OF TYPE OF MONOCRYSTAL MATRIX AND SIGN OF HALL CONSTANT.</b><br />
<br />
<b>(Algorithm of construction of model)</b><br />
<br />
The measurements of the Hall field allow us to determine the sign of
charge carriers in the conduction band. One of the remarkable features
of the Hall effect is, however, that in some metals the Hall coefficient
is positive, and thus carriers in them should, probably, have the
charge, opposite to the electron charge /1/. At room temperature this
holds true for the following: vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron,
cobalt, zinc, circonium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium,
cadmium, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, ytterbium, hafnium, tantalum,
wolfram, rhenium, iridium, thallium, plumbum /2/. Solution to this
enigma must be given by complete quantum - mechanical theory of solid
body. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Roughly speaking,
using the base cases of Born-Karman, let us consider a highly simplified
case of one-dimensional conduction band. The first variant: a thin
closed tube is completely filled with electrons but one. The diameter of
the electron roughly equals the diameter of the tube.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">With such filling
of the area at local movement of the electron an opposite movement of
the 'site' of the electron, absent in the tube, is observed, i.e.
movement of non-negative sighting. The second variant: there is one
electron in the<br />
tube - movement of only one charge is possible - that of the electron with a negative charge. These two opposite variants<br />
show, that the sighting of carriers, determined according to the Hall coefficient, to some extent, must depend on the<br />
filling of the conduction band with electrons. Figure 1.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><img border="0" height="217" src="http://sciteclibrary.ru/ris-stat/st596/st596-2.gif" width="610" /><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br />
<br />
Figure 1. Schematic representation of the conduction band of two different metals. (scale is not observed).<br />
<br />
a) - the first variant;<br />
b) - the second variant.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">The order of
electron movement will also be affected by the structure of the
conductivity zone, as well as by the temperature, admixtures and
defects. Magnetic quasi-particles, magnons, will have an impact on
magnetic materials.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Since our
reasoning is rough, we will further take into account only filling with
electrons of the conductivity zone. Let us fill the conductivity zone
with electrons in such a way that the external electrons of the atomic
kernel affect the formation of a crystal lattice. Let us assume that
after filling the conductivity zone, the number of the external
electrons on the last shell of the atomic<br />
kernel is equal to the number of the neighbouring atoms (the coordination number) (5).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">The coordination number for the volume-centered and face-centered densest packings are 12 and 18, whereas those<br />
for the body-centered lattice are 8 and 14 (3).<br />
<br />
The below table is filled in compliance with the above judgements.</span><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;"><tbody>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;">Element</span></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain252"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">R</span></span></a><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><sub>H</sub><sup> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain253">.</a></sup> 10<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain254"><sup>10</sup></a></span></span><br />
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain254"> </a><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain254"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">(м<sup>3</sup>/K)</span></a></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain256"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Z.</span></a><br />
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain256"> </a><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain256"></a><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">(number)</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Z kernel</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">(number)</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Lattice type</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Na</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-2,30</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain259"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></a></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Mg</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,90</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Al</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain266"><span style="font-family: Arial;">-</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;">0,38</span></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Al</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,38</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain271"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></a></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain272"><span style="font-family: Arial;">1</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;">2</span></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">K</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-4,20</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ca</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-1,78</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ca</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">T=737<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain281">K</a></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Sc</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,67</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Sc</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,67</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ti</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-2,40</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ti</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-2,40</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ti</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">T=1158<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain298">K</a></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">V</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,76</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Cr</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+3,63</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">6</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Fe</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain305"><span style="font-family: Arial;">+8,</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;">00</span></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Fe</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+8,00</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">14</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Fe</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain311"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Т=1</span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">189K</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">7</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Fe</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Т=1189K</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">12</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Co</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+3,60</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Co</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain321"><span style="font-family: Arial;">+3</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;">,60</span></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">12</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ni</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,60</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Cu</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,52</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Cu</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,52</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Zn</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,90</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Zn</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,90</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Rb</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-5,90</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Y</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-1,<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain345">2</a>5</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Zr</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,21</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Zr</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Т<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain349">=11</a>35<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain350">К</a></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Nb</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain353"><span style="font-family: Arial;">+</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;">0,<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain354">7</a>2</span></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Mo</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+1,91</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">6</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ru</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+22</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"><i> </i><i><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">7</span></i></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Rh</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,48</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">12</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain363"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></a></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Rh</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain367">0</a>,48</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Pd</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-6,80</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain371"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></a></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ag</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,90</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ag</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,90</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain380"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></a></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Cd</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,67</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Cd</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,67</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Cs</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain390">7</a>,80</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain392"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></a></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">La</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,80</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ce</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+1,9<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain396">2</a></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ce</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+1,92</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Pr</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,71</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Pr</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,71</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Nd</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,97</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Nd</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,97</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Gd</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,95</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Gd</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">T=1533<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain411">K</a></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Tb</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-4,3<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain413">0</a></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Tb</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Т<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain415">=</a>1560<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain417">К</a></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Dy</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-2,<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain430"><i>7</i></a><i>0</i></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Dy</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Т<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain433">=</a>1657<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain434">К</a></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Er</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,341</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Tu</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-1,80</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Yb</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+3,77</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain441"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></a></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Yb</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain443"><span style="font-family: Arial;">+</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;">3,77</span></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain444"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></a></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Lu</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,535</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Hf</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,4<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain447">3</a></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Hf</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain449"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Т=2050К</span></a></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain450"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></a></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ta</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,98</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain453"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></a></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">W</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,856</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">6</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">body-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Re</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain457"><span style="font-family: Arial;">+3,</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;">15</span></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">6</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Os</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain461"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;">0</span></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">12</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ir</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+3,18</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">12</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Pt</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,194</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Au</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,69</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Au</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">-0,69</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain469"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></a></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Tl</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,24</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Tl</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain473">2</a>4</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">volume-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Pb</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">+0,09</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">4</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">18</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Pb</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=31908863" name="OCRUncertain475"><span style="font-family: Arial;">+</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;">0,09</span></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">5</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="13%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">9</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="19%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">face-centered</span></td> </tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Where
Rh is the Hall's constant (Hall's coefficient) Z is an assumed number
of electrons released by one atom to the conductivity zone. Z kernel is
the number of external electrons of the atomic kernel on the last shell.
The lattice type is the type of the metal crystal structure at room
temperature and, in some cases, at phase transition temperatures (1).<br />
<b><br />
Conclusions</b><br />
<br />
In spite of the rough reasoning the table shows that the greater number
of electrons gives the atom of the element to the conductivity zone, the
more positive is the Hall's constant. On the contrary the Hall's
constant is negative for the elements which have released one or two
electrons to the conductivity zone, which doesn't contradict to the
conclusions of Payerls. A relationship is also seen between the
conductivity electrons (Z) and valency electrons (Z kernel) stipulating
the crystal structure. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">The phase
transition of the element from one lattice to another can be explained
by the transfer of one of the external electrons of the atomic kernel to
the metal conductivity zone or its return from the conductivity zone to
the external shell of the kernel under the<br />
influence of external factors (pressure, temperature).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">We tried to
unravel the puzzle, but instead we received a new puzzle which provides a
good explanation for the physico-chemical properties of the elements.
This is the "coordination number" 9 (nine) for the face-centered and
volume-centered lattices.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">This frequent occurrence of the number 9 in the table suggests that the densest packings have been studied insufficiently.<br />
Using the method of inverse reading from experimental values for the
uniform compression towards the theoretical calculations and the
formulae of Arkshoft and Mermin (1) to determine the Z value, we can
verify its good agreement with the data listed in Table 1.<br />
The metallic bond seems to be due to both socialized electrons and "valency" ones - the electrons of the atomic kernel.<br />
<br />
<b>Literature:</b><br />
<br />
1) Solid state physics. N.W. Ashcroft, N.D. Mermin. Cornell University, 1975<br />
2) Characteristics of elements. G.V. Samsonov. Moscow, 1976<br />
3) Grundzuge der Anorganischen Kristallchemie. Von. Dr. Heinz Krebs. Universitat Stuttgart, 1968<br />
4) Physics of metals. Y.G. Dorfman, I.K. Kikoin. Leningrad, 1933<br />
5) What affects crystals characteristics. G.G.Skidelsky. Engineer N 8, 1989<br />
<br />
<b>Appendix 1</b><br />
<b><br />
</b>Metallic Bond in Densest Packing (Volume-centered and face-centered)<br />
<br />
It follows from the speculations on the number of direct bonds ( or
pseudobonds, since there is a conductivity zone between the neighbouring
metal atoms) being equal to nine according to the number of external
electrons of the atomic kernel for densest packings that similar to
body-centered lattice (eight neighbouring atoms in the first
coordination sphere). Volume-centered and face-centered lattices in the
first coordination sphere should have nine atoms whereas we actually
have 12 ones. But the presence of nine neighbouring atoms, bound to any
central atom has indirectly been confirmed by the experimental data of
Hall and the uniform compression modulus (and from the experiments on
the Gaase van Alfen effect the oscillation number is a multiple of<br />
nine.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">In Fig.1,1. d, e - shows coordination spheres in the densest hexagonal and cubic packings.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><img border="0" height="334" src="http://sciteclibrary.ru/ris-stat/st596/st596-3.gif" width="454" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;"><br />
Fig.1.1. Dense Packing.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">It should be noted
that in the hexagonal packing, the triangles of upper and lower bases
are unindirectional, whereas in the hexagonal packing they are not
unindirectional.<br />
<b><br />
Literature:</b></span><br />
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Introduction into physical chemistry and chrystal chemistry of semi-conductors. B.F. Ormont. Moscow, 1968.</span></li>
</ol>
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;"><b>Appendix 2</b><br />
<br />
Theoretical calculation of the uniform compression modulus (B).<br />
<br />
B = (6,13/(r<sub>s</sub>/a<sub>o</sub>))<sup>5</sup>* 10<sup>10</sup> dyne/cm<sup>2</sup><br />
<br />
Where B is the uniform compression modulus a<sub>o</sub> is the Bohr radius r<sub>s</sub> - the radius of the sphere with the volume being equal to<br />
the volume falling at one conductivity electron. </span><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">r<sub>s</sub>=(3/4<span style="font-family: Symbol;">p</span> n)<sup>1/3</sup>,</span> </b> <br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Where n is the density of conductivity electrons.<br />
<br />
Table 1. Calculation according to Ashcroft and Mermine Element Z rs/ao theoretical calculated</span><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="1" style="width: 656px;"><tbody>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> </td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b> </b><b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Z</span></b></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b> </b><b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">r<sub>s</sub>/a<sub>0</sub></span></b></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b> </b><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">B </span></span></b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">theoretical</span></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b> </b><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">B </span></span></b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">calculated</span></span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Cs</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">5.62</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1.54</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1.43</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Cu</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2.67</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">63.8</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">134.3</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ag</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">3.02</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">34.5</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">99.9</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Al</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2.07</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">228</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">76.0</span></td> </tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Table 2. Calculation according to the models considered in this paper</span><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="1" style="width: 656px;"><tbody>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> </td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b> </b><b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Z</span></b></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b> </b><b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">r<sub>s</sub>/a<sub>0</sub></span></b></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b> </b><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">B </span></span></b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">theoretical</span></span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"><b> </b><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">B </span></span></b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">calculated</span></span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Cs</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">5.62</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1.54</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">1.43</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Cu</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2.12</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">202.3</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">134.3</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Ag</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2.39</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">111.0</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">99.9</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Al</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">2.40</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">108.6</span></td> <td align="center" valign="TOP" width="20%"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">76.0</span></td> </tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Of
course, the pressure of free electrons gases alone does not fully
determine the compressive strenth of the metal, nevertheless in the
second calculation instance the theoretical uniform compression modulus
lies closer to the experimental one (approximated the experimental one)
this approach (approximation) being one-sided. The second factor the
effect of "valency" or external electrons of the atomic kernel,
governing the crystal lattice is evidently required to be taken into
consideration.1996.Grodno.<br />
<b><br />
Literature:</b></span><br />
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: xx-small;">Solid state physics. N.W. Ashcroft, N.D. Mermin. Cornell University, 1975 </span></li>
</ol>
hfilipenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06344406823520817701noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7782535266338953636.post-83740192376614645282009-10-08T11:06:00.000-07:002009-10-08T11:08:20.556-07:00for nano technologyCrystal structure.In mineralogy and crystallography, a crystal structure is a unique arrangement of atoms in a crystal. A crystal structure is composed of a motif, a set of atoms arranged in a particular way, and a lattice. Motifs are located upon the points of a lattice, which is an array of points repeating periodically in three dimensions. The points can be thought of as forming identical tiny boxes, called unit cells, that fill the space of the lattice. The lengths of the edges of a unit cell and the angles between them are called the lattice parameters. The symmetry properties of the crystal are embodied in its space group. A crystal's structure and symmetry play a role in determining many of its properties, such as cleavage, electronic band structure, and optical properties.<br /><br />Unit cell.The crystal structure of a material or the arrangement of atoms in a crystal structure can be described in terms of its unit cell. The unit cell is a tiny box containing one or more motifs, a spatial arrangement of atoms. The units cells stacked in three-dimensional space describes the bulk arrangement of atoms of the crystal. The unit cell is given by its lattice parameters, the length of the cell edges and the angles between them, while the positions of the atoms inside the unit cell are described by the set of atomic positions (xi,yi,zi) measured from a lattice point.Although there are an infinite number of ways to specify a unit cell, for each crystal structure there is a conventional unit cell, which is chosen to display the full symmetry of the crystal (see below). However, the conventional unit cell is not always the smallest possible choice. A primitive unit cell of a particular crystal structure is the smallest possible volume one can construct with the arrangement of atoms in the crystal such that, when stacked, completely fills the space. This primitive unit cell does not always display all the symmetries inherent in the crystal. A Wigner-Seitz cell is a particular kind of primitive cell which has the same symmetry as the lattice. In a unit cell each atom has an identical environment when stacked in 3 dimensional space. In a primitive cell, each atom may not have the same environment.hfilipenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06344406823520817701noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7782535266338953636.post-56298070869550190262008-08-05T10:52:00.000-07:002008-08-05T10:56:42.701-07:00How much neutrons consist the nucleus?Every subsequent element of the table of elements differs from the previous one in the amount of protons in its nucleus which is increased by one unit and the amount of neutrons is increased by several units in general. That means , that there are more neutrons in the nucleus than protons (without taking into consideration the lightest nucleuses). The scientific literature doesn’t give any explanation of this strange correlation of neutrons’ number to the protons’ number.<br />It should be noted that for the construction of the model of atom’s nucleus , He nucleuses have the same energies during the alpha-radioactivity. That’s why let’s place all protons with the same number of neutrons on the nucleus external shell , that means , that on the same energy level only bosons can be found , and they are considered to be alpha-elements found on the nucleus external shell.<br />Let’s place the rest of neutrons inside the nucleus , their task is to weaken the electrostatic field of protons’ repulsion. Supposing that the nucleus is spherical and protons and neutrons have the same radiuses , we’ll get a model of nucleus for any element , which explains the number of neutrons’ ratio to the number of protons , which follows from the existence of nucleons in the atom’s nucleus .<br />Radioactive decay is probably connected with the nucleus compression , because neutrons in the nucleus capacity weaken radial forces of protons’ repulsion with the growth of an element’s ordinal number.<br />If nucleuses mass is primary and chemical qualities of an atom are secondary , than in the table of elements atomic weight must change continuously either down on across. Having constructed the table according to these features we have to leave four empty places after Lu and Lr in order to observe chemical qualities of elements . Determination of nucleus charge is probably necessity in discovering elements .<br />As a matter of fact elements are considered to be discovered based on their chemical qualities .<br />In 1891 James Chardwik carried out researches and with the help of Rezerford’s formula rated nucleuses charges for platinum-77,4; silver-46,3; copper-29,3 . These results almost coincided with ordinal numbers of these elements in the periodic table .<br />But the last lanthanide are radioactive ! According to our model of atom’s nucleus radioactivity of the subsequent after lanthanide elements can be reduced , by bringing a shell inside the nucleus which consists of 4 protons or 4 alpha-elements.<br />But then defining the nucleuses charge of platinum’s atom on Chardwik’s method , we would get again 77,4 ; because alpha-elements would disperse on the nucleus’s external shell of an atom .<br />That’s why the question of more precise definition of nucleus charges of elements following the Hf , is raised .<br />This is probably the reason of the failure to get to the “ island of stability “ and seditious idea comes to the mine we build atomic electric power stations without knowing the definite amount of neutrons and protons in the nucleuses of uranium and plutonium .<br /> About it please see more at: <a href="http://sciteclibrary.ru/eng/catalog/pages/6815.html">http://sciteclibrary.ru/eng/catalog/pages/6815.html</a><br /> Sincerely,Henadzi Filipenka,teacher of materials <a href="http://mail.rambler.ru/mail/mail.cgi?mode=redirect;url=http://home.ural.ru%2F~filip;href=1" target="_blank">http://home.ural.ru/~filip</a>hfilipenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06344406823520817701noreply@blogger.com0